DNA is the basis of all life. Without DNA, we would be nothing. DNA is made up of 4 chemical bases; Cytosine, Adenine, Thymine, and Guanine. RNA uses the same exact bases, except that instead of Thymine it uses Uracil instead.
RNA & DNA are both very complex in their different ways.
DNA
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RNA
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So basically, the genetic info DNA has, RNA uses to give to the ribosome for Protein production
DNA Replication
DNA Replication is used for making new strands of DNA. I order to do this the DNA must first be unzipped by helicase. After being unzipped the double helix splits into the replication forks. On the replication forks two strands are formed: the leading and lagging strand. The leading strand can be created normally in the 5' to 3' direction, through the use of DNA polymerase. The lagging strand on the other hand is a bit different. It must be created in the 3' to 5' direction (reverse). In order for this to occur the DNA polymerase creates a copy of the lagging strand, but it must then leap frog backwards to create the next section (it creates the DNA in sections or fragments). These sections are known as Okazaki fragments. After forming the Okazaki fragments the lagging strand's many fragments are connected by DNA ligase, a sort of bonding agent between each section. After all this you end up with two newly replicated strands of DNA.
Relationship of DNA, Codons, Amino Acids, & Proteins
Roles of RNA & Differences between mRNA, rRNA, & tRNA
The Roles of RNA are based on 3 separate things. The mRNA, the rRNA, and the tRNA. Each do deliberate different things to take care of the full job of synthesizing the protein. The purpose of mRNA (Messenger RNA), is to carry genetic code. It uses this genetic code and carries it from the DNA to the ribosome. This then will begin the process of translation. The function of tRNA (Transfer RNA), is to "transfer". That's what the t in tRNA stands for! It transfers the mRNA to the process of creating a protein, while also bringing peptides to the ribosome. And finally, rRNA (Ribosomal RNA), is in charge of basically creating the protein. It is the one that get's the job done, synthesizing the protein. Really, this means it's using the genetic info from mRNA to make a DNA strand (Ask.com-Differences between mRNA, rRNA, & tRNA).
Transcription & Translation
Transcription
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Translation
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From DNA to PRoteins:
In order to make proteins multiple steps must occur. The first thing that must happen is the DNA must be transcribed onto a mRNA. Once transcribed this mRNA can then travel over to the ribosomes. Here the rRNA can begin translating the mRNA into proteins. This is done by forming and ordering amino acids in certain ways. Different orders of different amino acids result in different proteins. The ordering of the amino acids is done by tRNA. Once the amino acids have been ordered properly the protein can the be formed and sent out to complete any necessary tasks.
CItations:
Diffen: http://www.diffen.com/difference/DNA_vs_RNA
Diffen 2: http://www.diffen.com/difference/Transcription_vs_Translation
Ask.com*: http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080115112724AA0I7gu
*I know.........I'm sorry
Diffen: http://www.diffen.com/difference/DNA_vs_RNA
Diffen 2: http://www.diffen.com/difference/Transcription_vs_Translation
Ask.com*: http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080115112724AA0I7gu
*I know.........I'm sorry